• A Short­ened Tail

    Pic­tures Con­sid­ered #8 by Elio — Elec­tron mi­croscopy of phages came into promi­nence in the 1950's and re­vealed many of their phys­i­cal at­trib­utes such as their par­tic­u­late na­ture, mor­pho­log­i­cal com­plex­ity, "tail first" at­tach­ment to host cells, etc. Among these dis­cov­er­ies was that T‑even col­iphages con­tract their tail upon ab­sorp­tion to their E. coli hosts. A 1967 pa­per…

  • Gut Lec­ture

    by Elio — Over the many years that I taught mi­cro­bi­ol­ogy to med­ical stu­dents, per­haps my least fa­vorite lec­ture was the one on the "nor­mal flora," what we now call the mi­cro­biome. What used to make me grumpy was that I could talk only in vague gen­er­al­i­ties, ram­bling about the in­testi­nal flora be­ing…

  • Mtb Craves Sweets

    by S. Mar­vin Fried­man — Tu­ber­cu­lo­sis is an an­cient dis­ease that still af­fects mil­lions of peo­ple, largely in de­vel­op­ing coun­tries. A star­tling sta­tis­tic val­ued by fundrais­ers for tu­ber­cu­lo­sis re­search is that this dev­as­tat­ing dis­ease claims three lives every minute world­wide. Since a ma­jor fac­tor un­der­ly­ing this im­por­tant health threat is the alarm­ing rate at which drug-re­sis­tant…